Choosing Adoption Professionals

Adoption Agency Red Flags and Common Scams

Updated June 29, 2026 Last reviewed June 29, 2026 AdoptionCenter

Learn how to recognize adoption agency red flags, verify licensing, review fees and contracts, protect privacy, and report concerns.

Red flags include guaranteed placements, unverifiable licenses, unclear fees, unlawful payments, resistance to independent counsel, and international claims that conflict with government information.

Major red flags

Guaranteed placement or timeline

No provider can guarantee consent, finalization, immigration approval, or a country program remaining open.

Pressure to pay immediately

Be cautious of demands to pay before receiving a contract, fee schedule, and refund policy.

Unverifiable licensing

Confirm the legal business name, license status, expiration, authorized services, and disciplinary history directly with regulators.

Conflicts of interest

Warning signs include one attorney claiming to represent everyone, counseling controlled by the paying party, or no independent legal advice before consent.

Unlawful or unexplained payments

Avoid cash payments, payments tied to consent, unreceipted living expenses, and foreign fees outside official channels.

Misleading international claims

Watch for guaranteed visas, advice to bypass USCIS, or programs advertised as open when official sources say otherwise.

Privacy misuse

A provider should not publicly share a child’s medical records or an expectant parent’s identity without permission.

Coercive language

Ethical providers do not tell a pregnant person they owe a baby, threaten repayment solely for parenting, or treat hospital access as guaranteed.

Verification checklist

  1. Check state licensing.
  2. Verify attorneys through the bar.
  3. Check international accreditation.
  4. Review corporate registration.
  5. Request an itemized contract.
  6. Confirm every subcontractor.
  7. Review data and record policies.
  8. Seek independent legal advice.

Reporting concerns

Possible authorities include state licensing agencies, attorneys general, state bars, law enforcement, and the U.S. Department of State for intercountry complaints.

Sources

  1. National Foster Care & Adoption Directory
  2. About Adoption Service Providers
  3. Reporting Intercountry Adoption Concerns
  4. State Child Welfare Resources

Editorial note

A concern is not proof of wrongdoing. Report suspected misconduct to the proper authority.

Find adoption agencies and service providers
Browse adoption agencies and service providers listed across the United States. Confirm current licensing and services directly with the appropriate state or federal authority.
Search directory

AdoptionCenter.us provides directory information and educational resources. A listing is not an endorsement or guarantee. Confirm current licensing, accreditation, services, fees, and disciplinary history directly with the appropriate authority before selecting a provider.